This volume collects selected papers from the twenty-third New Ways of Analyzing Variation (NWAV23) conference held at Stanford University. It is a collection of innovative papers on the newest developments in research on variation. The range of topics covered in this collection include: phonological variation, morphosyntactic variation, register and style, discourse, codeswitching, and language change. A foreword by John Rickford ties the collection together. This volume will be of interest to sociolinguists, sociologists, and any scholar interested in comparative linguistics.