Images of Dutchness: Popular Visual Culture, Early Cinema and the Emergence of a National Cliché, 1800-1914
by Sarah Dellmann
Amsterdam University Press, 2018 eISBN: 978-90-485-3297-1 | Paper: 978-94-6298-300-7 Library of Congress Classification P96.S742N4 2018 Dewey Decimal Classification 791.436552
ABOUT THIS BOOK | AUTHOR BIOGRAPHY | TOC
ABOUT THIS BOOK Why do early films present the Netherlands as a country full of canals and windmills, where people wear traditional costumes and wooden shoes, while industries and modern urban life are all but absent? Images of Dutchness investigates the roots of this visual repertoire from diverse sources, ranging from magazines to tourist brochures, from anthropological treatises to advertising trade cards, stereoscopic photographs, picture postcards, magic lantern slide sets and films of early cinema.This richly illustrated book provides an in-depth study of the fascinating corpus of popular visual media and their written comments that are studied for the first time. Through the combined analysis of words and images, the author identifies not only what has been considered Ÿtypically DutchŒ in the long nineteenth century, but also provides new insights into the logic and emergence of national clichés in the Western world.
AUTHOR BIOGRAPHY Sarah Dellmann worked as researcher and lecturer at Utrecht University, University of Groningen and Amsterdam University College, the Netherlands. Her main research interests lie in the field of early cinema studies as well as visual history and culture of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, with a focus on Western media history.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSINTRODUCTIONCHAPTER 1: Analysing Images of Dutchness: From Stereotype to National Cliché1.1 Introduction1.2 Supposed Common Knowledge and the Stereotype1.3 Nationality, Nationalism, Nationness - The Netherlands, Dutch, Dutchness1.4 Approaches1.5 OutlookCHAPTER 2. Spectacularly Dutch: Popular Visual Media from Print to Early Cinema2.1 Introduction2.2 Illustrated Magazines2.3 Travel Guide Books2.4 Travel Brochures, Leaflets, and Promotional Material for (potential) Tourists2.5 Sets of Prints, Cartes de Visite and Cabinet Cards of people in local Costume2.6 Catchpenny Prints2.7 Perspective Prints 2.8 Advertising Trade Cards2.9 Stereoscopic Photographs2.10 Magic Lanterns and Lantern Slide Sets2.11 Picture Postcards2.12 FilmCHAPTER 3. Images of People and Places before 1800. A Pre-history of National 3.1 Introduction3.2 Visual Culture before Industrialization3.3 The same image at various places for the first time: Images of People and Places in Popular Print3.4 Epistemological Status of Images of People and Places3.5 Topographical Images: Vedute, Prospects and Perspective Prints3.6 Realist images of People in Popular Media: Catchpenny Prints3.7 Eighteenth-century images of People and Places in Other Popular Media3.8 ConclusionCHAPTER 4: Authentically Dutch: Images in Anthropological Discourse 4.1 Introduction: Snelleman's conceptual problem4.2 Visual Spectacle of Ethnic Diversity: Afbeeldingen van kleeding, zeden, en gewoonten (1803-1807)4.3 Relics of Tradition, Grounded in Space. Nederlandsche Kleederdrachten, en Zeden en Gebruiken (1849-1850)4.4 The Nation in One Image: Volkeren van verscheyde Landgewesten (c. 1833 or 1856-1900) and In deze prent zullen de kinderen opmerken= (c. 1800-1820)4.5 Narrowing Down the Motifs: Popular Photographs (1870-1890's)4.6 Fixing the National Cliché (1890-1900)4.7 Playing with the Cliché (c.1900-1914)4.8 Dutch Clichés of Dutch Origin: Trade Cards by Philips and Bensdorp4.9 "Dutch" as Combination of Costume and "Race"4.10 Early Cinema's heritage of Anthropologic discourse4.11 ConclusionCHAPTER 5: Typically Dutch: Images in Popular Geography and Armchair Travel Media5.1 Introduction: Geography and Popular Science5.2 Patterns for the Presentation of Knowledge in Geographic Discourse5.3 The Encyclopaedic Pattern 5.3.1 Voyage Pittoresque dans la Frise (1839) 5.3.2 Dutch Life in Town and Country (1901)5.3.3 "A North Holland Cheese Market" (1910)5.3.4 Advertising Trade Cards: Myrrholin Welt Panorama (1902)5.3.5 Film: Comment se fait le fromage de Hollande (1909)5.4 The Panoramic Pattern5.4.1 Voyage pittoresque dans le Royaume des Pays-Bas (1822/1825)5.4.2 Advertising Trade Cards:"Holland in Wort und Bild" (1903)5.4.3 Stereocards: Holland (1905)5.4.4 Films: De dam te Amsterdam omstreeks 1900 (1900) & De Amsterdamse Beurs omstreeks 1900 (1900)5.5 The Virtual Travel Pattern5.5.1 Voyage Pittoresque en Hollande et en Belgique (1857)5.5.2 "Croquis Hollandais" (1905) and "Door Holland met pen en camera" (1906)5.5.3 Lantern Slide Set: Quer durch Holland (1906)5.5.4 Films: Prinsengracht (1899), A Pretty Dutch Town (1910) and Vita d'Olanda (1911)5.6 ConclusionCHAPTER 6. Selling a "Dutch Experience": Images in Tourism and Consumer Culture6.1 Introduction: Discovering the Authentic6.2 Before Tourism: Travel in Leisure Through and to The Netherlands6.3 Travel Promotion by Thomas Cook & Son, VVV and Centraal Bureau6.4 Narrated and Practical Guide books6.5 The Cliché in Consumer Culture: Dutchness in Advertising Trade Cards6.6 Picture Postcards6.7 Lantern Slide Sets6.8 Film6.9 Ways of Looking at Dutchness: Reactions to the Cliché6.10 Conclusion7. CONCLUSION7.1 Towards an Archaeology of Filming "the Nation/al"7.2 OutlookANNEX8a Bibliography8b Published Sources8c Other Sources and Ephemera by Medium 8d Digital Resources8e List of Figures
Images of Dutchness: Popular Visual Culture, Early Cinema and the Emergence of a National Cliché, 1800-1914
by Sarah Dellmann
Amsterdam University Press, 2018 eISBN: 978-90-485-3297-1 Paper: 978-94-6298-300-7
Why do early films present the Netherlands as a country full of canals and windmills, where people wear traditional costumes and wooden shoes, while industries and modern urban life are all but absent? Images of Dutchness investigates the roots of this visual repertoire from diverse sources, ranging from magazines to tourist brochures, from anthropological treatises to advertising trade cards, stereoscopic photographs, picture postcards, magic lantern slide sets and films of early cinema.This richly illustrated book provides an in-depth study of the fascinating corpus of popular visual media and their written comments that are studied for the first time. Through the combined analysis of words and images, the author identifies not only what has been considered Ÿtypically DutchŒ in the long nineteenth century, but also provides new insights into the logic and emergence of national clichés in the Western world.
AUTHOR BIOGRAPHY Sarah Dellmann worked as researcher and lecturer at Utrecht University, University of Groningen and Amsterdam University College, the Netherlands. Her main research interests lie in the field of early cinema studies as well as visual history and culture of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, with a focus on Western media history.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSINTRODUCTIONCHAPTER 1: Analysing Images of Dutchness: From Stereotype to National Cliché1.1 Introduction1.2 Supposed Common Knowledge and the Stereotype1.3 Nationality, Nationalism, Nationness - The Netherlands, Dutch, Dutchness1.4 Approaches1.5 OutlookCHAPTER 2. Spectacularly Dutch: Popular Visual Media from Print to Early Cinema2.1 Introduction2.2 Illustrated Magazines2.3 Travel Guide Books2.4 Travel Brochures, Leaflets, and Promotional Material for (potential) Tourists2.5 Sets of Prints, Cartes de Visite and Cabinet Cards of people in local Costume2.6 Catchpenny Prints2.7 Perspective Prints 2.8 Advertising Trade Cards2.9 Stereoscopic Photographs2.10 Magic Lanterns and Lantern Slide Sets2.11 Picture Postcards2.12 FilmCHAPTER 3. Images of People and Places before 1800. A Pre-history of National 3.1 Introduction3.2 Visual Culture before Industrialization3.3 The same image at various places for the first time: Images of People and Places in Popular Print3.4 Epistemological Status of Images of People and Places3.5 Topographical Images: Vedute, Prospects and Perspective Prints3.6 Realist images of People in Popular Media: Catchpenny Prints3.7 Eighteenth-century images of People and Places in Other Popular Media3.8 ConclusionCHAPTER 4: Authentically Dutch: Images in Anthropological Discourse 4.1 Introduction: Snelleman's conceptual problem4.2 Visual Spectacle of Ethnic Diversity: Afbeeldingen van kleeding, zeden, en gewoonten (1803-1807)4.3 Relics of Tradition, Grounded in Space. Nederlandsche Kleederdrachten, en Zeden en Gebruiken (1849-1850)4.4 The Nation in One Image: Volkeren van verscheyde Landgewesten (c. 1833 or 1856-1900) and In deze prent zullen de kinderen opmerken= (c. 1800-1820)4.5 Narrowing Down the Motifs: Popular Photographs (1870-1890's)4.6 Fixing the National Cliché (1890-1900)4.7 Playing with the Cliché (c.1900-1914)4.8 Dutch Clichés of Dutch Origin: Trade Cards by Philips and Bensdorp4.9 "Dutch" as Combination of Costume and "Race"4.10 Early Cinema's heritage of Anthropologic discourse4.11 ConclusionCHAPTER 5: Typically Dutch: Images in Popular Geography and Armchair Travel Media5.1 Introduction: Geography and Popular Science5.2 Patterns for the Presentation of Knowledge in Geographic Discourse5.3 The Encyclopaedic Pattern 5.3.1 Voyage Pittoresque dans la Frise (1839) 5.3.2 Dutch Life in Town and Country (1901)5.3.3 "A North Holland Cheese Market" (1910)5.3.4 Advertising Trade Cards: Myrrholin Welt Panorama (1902)5.3.5 Film: Comment se fait le fromage de Hollande (1909)5.4 The Panoramic Pattern5.4.1 Voyage pittoresque dans le Royaume des Pays-Bas (1822/1825)5.4.2 Advertising Trade Cards:"Holland in Wort und Bild" (1903)5.4.3 Stereocards: Holland (1905)5.4.4 Films: De dam te Amsterdam omstreeks 1900 (1900) & De Amsterdamse Beurs omstreeks 1900 (1900)5.5 The Virtual Travel Pattern5.5.1 Voyage Pittoresque en Hollande et en Belgique (1857)5.5.2 "Croquis Hollandais" (1905) and "Door Holland met pen en camera" (1906)5.5.3 Lantern Slide Set: Quer durch Holland (1906)5.5.4 Films: Prinsengracht (1899), A Pretty Dutch Town (1910) and Vita d'Olanda (1911)5.6 ConclusionCHAPTER 6. Selling a "Dutch Experience": Images in Tourism and Consumer Culture6.1 Introduction: Discovering the Authentic6.2 Before Tourism: Travel in Leisure Through and to The Netherlands6.3 Travel Promotion by Thomas Cook & Son, VVV and Centraal Bureau6.4 Narrated and Practical Guide books6.5 The Cliché in Consumer Culture: Dutchness in Advertising Trade Cards6.6 Picture Postcards6.7 Lantern Slide Sets6.8 Film6.9 Ways of Looking at Dutchness: Reactions to the Cliché6.10 Conclusion7. CONCLUSION7.1 Towards an Archaeology of Filming "the Nation/al"7.2 OutlookANNEX8a Bibliography8b Published Sources8c Other Sources and Ephemera by Medium 8d Digital Resources8e List of Figures