Table of Contents
Acknowledgments
Chapter One: A Reversal of Fortunes: Reframing the Environmental Debate 	1
	 Issue Definition, Agenda Setting, and Policy Adoption	3
	 Redirecting Forest Policy: Redefining Processes, Participants,
	Problems, and Products	7
	 What Follows	9
	 Notes	15
Chapter Two: From Silent Spring to Luntz-Speak: Environmental Policy and
	George W. Bush	19
	 Environmentalism on All Fronts	19
	 Governor Bush and the Environment in Texas	26
	 Presidential Candidate George W. Bush (2000)	28
	 The Environmental Presidency of George W. Bush	33
	 The 2004 Presidential Campaign	53
	 Notes	61
Chapter Three: The Right To Object: Historic Landmarks in the Development
	And Use of Appeals	69
	 Early Dispute Procedures: 1906-1936	71
	 Environmental Regulatory Procedures: 1960-1989	72
	 Regulatory and Legislative Change: 1991-1993	83
	 Implementation of the Mandate: 1994	90
	 The Who, What, Where, and How of Administrative Appeals	94
	 The Legacy of a Stormy History	98
	 Notes	 102
Chapter Four: Appellants, Strategies, Tactics, and Outcomes	111
	 Environmental Organization Appeals and Litigation	113
	 Wise Use Appeals	133
	 Commodity and Business Interest Appeals	138
	 Cases with Multiple Appellants	142
	 Native American Tribal Appellants	149
	 Government Agency Appeals	152
	 Individual Appellants	156
	 Litigation	166
	 The Complexity of Administrative Appeals	168	
	 Notes	172
Chapter Five: The Wildland-Urban Interface and the Fire-Appeals Interface 	 	181
	 Data, Rhetoric, and Focusing Events	190
	 Show Me the Data!	194
	 No, Show US The Data!	202
	 Rhetoric and Focusing Events As Policy Drivers	208
	 	 Framing the Wildfire "Problem"	214
	 Notes	217
Chapter Six:	 Reform By Legislation: The Healthy Forests Restoration Act	230
	 The 107th Congress	231
	 Changes in the 108th Congress	241
	 The 2003 GAO Report	243
	 2003 Congressional Legislation	247
	 Senate Action	249
	 Attempts at Legislative Compromise	254
	 "A Light at the End of the Tunnel"	261
	 Winners and Losers?	265
	 Notes	270
Chapter Seven: Reform By Rulemaking	278
	 National Forest Planning	283
	 Forest Service Appeal Procedures	289
	 Categorical Exclusions	293
	 Bureau of Land Management Appeal Procedures	297
	 Consultation Under the Endangered Species Act	302
	 The Northwest Forest Plan	306
	 The Sierra Nevada Framework	310
	 Notes	313
Chapter Eight: Conclusion: The Spillover Effect	323
	 A Return to Rhetoric	325
	 A Fortune of Reversals	335
	 Notes	344