The Formation of the Soviet Union: Communism and Nationalism, 1917–1923, Revised Edition
by Richard Pipes
Harvard University Press, 1997 Cloth: 978-0-674-30950-0 | eISBN: 978-0-674-41763-2 | Paper: 978-0-674-30951-7 Library of Congress Classification DK266.P53 1997 Dewey Decimal Classification 947.084
ABOUT THIS BOOK | REVIEWS | TOC
ABOUT THIS BOOK
Here is the history of the disintegration of the Russian Empire, and the emergence, on its ruins, of a multinational Communist state. In this revealing account, Richard Pipes tells how the Communists exploited the new nationalism of the peoples of the Ukraine, Belorussia, the Caucasus, Central Asia, and the Volga-Ural area--first to seize power and then to expand into the borderlands.
The Formation of the Soviet Union acquires special relevance in the post-Soviet era, when the ethnic groups described in the book once again reclaimed their independence, this time apparently for good.
In a 1996 Preface to the Revised Edition, Pipes suggests how material recently released from the Russian archives might supplement his account.
REVIEWS
Reviews of the first edition:
Simply to chronicle the highly complicated sequence of events in the ethnic borderlands of Russia during the tumultuous years between 1917 and 1923 is a difficult problem by itself. Richard Pipes has not only accomplished this task…but he has given this complex story meaning and perspective.
-- Political Science Quarterly
The most lucid description of the nationalist revolutionary upheavals following the October revolution.
-- International Journal
Pipes has succeeded remarkably well in elucidating a most complex subject and in giving a systematic, well-documented, and well-written account of the stormy years, 1917–1923.
-- Russian Review
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CONTENTS
I
THE NATIONAL PROBLEM IN RUSSIA
The Russian Empire on the Eve of the 1917 Revolution
National Movements in Russia
The Ukrainians and Belorussians
The Turkic Peoples
The Peoples of the Caucasus
Socialism and the National Problem in Western and Central Europe
Russian Political Parties and the National Problem
Lenin and the National Question before 1913
Lenin's Theory of Self-Determination
II
1917 AND THE DISINTEGRATION OF THE RUSSIAN EMPIRE
The General Causes
The Ukraine and Belorussia
The Rise of the Ukrainian Central Rada (February–June 1917)
From July to the October Revolution in the Ukraine
Belorussia 1917
The Moslem Borderlands
The All-Russian Moslem Movement
The Crimea in 1917
Bashkiriia and the Kazakh-Kirghiz Steppe
Turkestan and the Autonomous Government of Kokand
The Caucasus
The Terek Region and Daghestan
Transcaucasia
The Bolsheviks in Power
III
SOVIET CONQUEST OF THE UKRAINE AND BELORUSSIA
The Fall of the Ukrainian Central Rada
The Communist Party of the Ukraine: Its Formation and Early Activity (1918)
The Struggle of the Communists for Power in the Ukraine in 1919
Belorussia from 1918 to 1920
IV
SOVIET CONQUEST OF THE MOSLEM BORDERLANDS
The Moslem Communist Movement in Soviet Russia (1918)
The Bashkir and Tatar Republics
The Kirghiz Republic
Turkestan
The Crimea
V
SOVIET CONQUEST OF THE CAUCASUS
The Transcaucasian Federation
Soviet Rule in the North Caucasus and Eastern Transcaucasia (1918)
The Terek Region
Baku
The Independent Republics (1918–19)
Azerbaijan
Armenia
Georgia
The Prelude to the Conquest
The Conquest
The Fall of Azerbaijan
The Fall of Armenia
The Fall of Georgia
VI
THE ESTABLISHMENT OF THE UNION OF SOVIET SOCIALIST REPUBLICS
The Consolidation of the Party and State Apparatus
The RSFSR
Relations between the RSFSR and the other Soviet Republics
The People's Republics
The Opposition to Centralization
Nationalist Opposition: Enver Pasha and the Basmachis
Nationalist-Communist Opposition: Sultan-Galiev
Communist Opposition: the Ukraine
Communist Opposition: Georgia
Formulation of Constitutional Principles of the Union
The Formation of the Soviet Union: Communism and Nationalism, 1917–1923, Revised Edition
by Richard Pipes
Harvard University Press, 1997 Cloth: 978-0-674-30950-0 eISBN: 978-0-674-41763-2 Paper: 978-0-674-30951-7
Here is the history of the disintegration of the Russian Empire, and the emergence, on its ruins, of a multinational Communist state. In this revealing account, Richard Pipes tells how the Communists exploited the new nationalism of the peoples of the Ukraine, Belorussia, the Caucasus, Central Asia, and the Volga-Ural area--first to seize power and then to expand into the borderlands.
The Formation of the Soviet Union acquires special relevance in the post-Soviet era, when the ethnic groups described in the book once again reclaimed their independence, this time apparently for good.
In a 1996 Preface to the Revised Edition, Pipes suggests how material recently released from the Russian archives might supplement his account.
REVIEWS
Reviews of the first edition:
Simply to chronicle the highly complicated sequence of events in the ethnic borderlands of Russia during the tumultuous years between 1917 and 1923 is a difficult problem by itself. Richard Pipes has not only accomplished this task…but he has given this complex story meaning and perspective.
-- Political Science Quarterly
The most lucid description of the nationalist revolutionary upheavals following the October revolution.
-- International Journal
Pipes has succeeded remarkably well in elucidating a most complex subject and in giving a systematic, well-documented, and well-written account of the stormy years, 1917–1923.
-- Russian Review
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CONTENTS
I
THE NATIONAL PROBLEM IN RUSSIA
The Russian Empire on the Eve of the 1917 Revolution
National Movements in Russia
The Ukrainians and Belorussians
The Turkic Peoples
The Peoples of the Caucasus
Socialism and the National Problem in Western and Central Europe
Russian Political Parties and the National Problem
Lenin and the National Question before 1913
Lenin's Theory of Self-Determination
II
1917 AND THE DISINTEGRATION OF THE RUSSIAN EMPIRE
The General Causes
The Ukraine and Belorussia
The Rise of the Ukrainian Central Rada (February–June 1917)
From July to the October Revolution in the Ukraine
Belorussia 1917
The Moslem Borderlands
The All-Russian Moslem Movement
The Crimea in 1917
Bashkiriia and the Kazakh-Kirghiz Steppe
Turkestan and the Autonomous Government of Kokand
The Caucasus
The Terek Region and Daghestan
Transcaucasia
The Bolsheviks in Power
III
SOVIET CONQUEST OF THE UKRAINE AND BELORUSSIA
The Fall of the Ukrainian Central Rada
The Communist Party of the Ukraine: Its Formation and Early Activity (1918)
The Struggle of the Communists for Power in the Ukraine in 1919
Belorussia from 1918 to 1920
IV
SOVIET CONQUEST OF THE MOSLEM BORDERLANDS
The Moslem Communist Movement in Soviet Russia (1918)
The Bashkir and Tatar Republics
The Kirghiz Republic
Turkestan
The Crimea
V
SOVIET CONQUEST OF THE CAUCASUS
The Transcaucasian Federation
Soviet Rule in the North Caucasus and Eastern Transcaucasia (1918)
The Terek Region
Baku
The Independent Republics (1918–19)
Azerbaijan
Armenia
Georgia
The Prelude to the Conquest
The Conquest
The Fall of Azerbaijan
The Fall of Armenia
The Fall of Georgia
VI
THE ESTABLISHMENT OF THE UNION OF SOVIET SOCIALIST REPUBLICS
The Consolidation of the Party and State Apparatus
The RSFSR
Relations between the RSFSR and the other Soviet Republics
The People's Republics
The Opposition to Centralization
Nationalist Opposition: Enver Pasha and the Basmachis
Nationalist-Communist Opposition: Sultan-Galiev
Communist Opposition: the Ukraine
Communist Opposition: Georgia
Formulation of Constitutional Principles of the Union