The Truth Machines: Policing, Violence, and Scientific Interrogations in India
by Jinee Lokaneeta
University of Michigan Press, 2020 Paper: 978-0-472-05439-8 | eISBN: 978-0-472-12647-7 | Cloth: 978-0-472-07439-6 Library of Congress Classification HV8247.L65 2020 Dewey Decimal Classification 363.2540954
ABOUT THIS BOOK | AUTHOR BIOGRAPHY | REVIEWS | TOC | REQUEST ACCESSIBLE FILE
ABOUT THIS BOOK
Using case studies and the results of extensive fieldwork, this book considers the nature of state power and legal violence in liberal democracies by focusing on the interaction between law, science, and policing in India. The postcolonial Indian police have often been accused of using torture in both routine and exceptional criminal cases, but they, and forensic psychologists, have claimed that lie detectors, brain scans, and narcoanalysis (the use of “truth serum,” Sodium Pentothal) represent a paradigm shift away from physical torture; most state high courts in India have upheld this rationale.
The Truth Machines examines the emergence and use of these three scientific techniques to analyze two primary themes. First, the book questions whether existing theoretical frameworks for understanding state power and legal violence are adequate to explain constant innovations of the state. Second, it explores the workings of law, science, and policing in the everyday context to generate a theory of state power and legal violence, challenging the monolithic frameworks about this relationship, based on a study of both state and non-state actors.
Jinee Lokaneeta argues that the attempt to replace physical torture with truth machines in India fails because it relies on a confessional paradigm that is contiguous with torture. Her work also provides insights into a police institution that is founded and refounded in its everyday interactions between state and non-state actors. Theorizing a concept of Contingent State, this book demonstrates the disaggregated, and decentered nature of state power and legal violence, creating possible sites of critique and intervention.
AUTHOR BIOGRAPHY
Jinee Lokaneeta is a professor in political science and international relations at Drew University in Madison, New Jersey.
REVIEWS
Co-Winner of the 2021 APSA C. Herman Pritchett Book Award
— American Political Science Association (APSA) C. Herman Pritchett Book Award
"Lokaneeta skillfully combines interviews with police, lawyers, forensic psychologists and human rights activists with analysis of a range of textual and visual materials, to situated case histories in their wider context... This book will inspire much debate and inquiry and must be read widely."
—Contributions to Indian Sociology
— Sahana Ghosh, Contributions to Indian Sociology
Winner: Drew University 2022 Bela Kornitzer Award for Nonfiction
— Drew University Bela Kornitzer Award for Nonfiction
"Overall, this is an essential work on the history of coercion and efforts to regulate it in India." —Indian Journal of Medical Ethics
— Steven H Miles, Indian Journal of Medical Ethics
"As Lokaneeta’s insightful work shows us, violence and contingency remain at the heart of the state, even as science and the law constantly work together to maintain the facade of coherence and rationality. The book charts a way to understand the modes through which state violence operates, and the ways in which it can be revealed."
—Law, Culture and the Humanities
— Mayur Suresh, Law, Culture and the Humanities
"...Lokaneeta’s tremendously clever, prize-winning new study The Truth Machines [is] an inquiry into how law, science, and violence enfold in India today in ways that are at once novel and familiar. ...Lokaneeta’s book neatly reveals the symmetry between the late modern epistemology of painlessness on which the truth machines are premised and the early modern epistemology of pain that they promise to transcend."
—Law Social Inquiry
— Law & Social Inquiry
"The Truth Machines is a valuable addition to the discourse on police reform in India precisely because it complicates the questions in the hope of avoiding the pitfalls of easy answers."
—Social Change
— Alok Prassana, Social Change
“With depth and theoretical sophistication, [The Truth Machines] will attract attention and make significant contributions to various fields, including contemporary political theory, legal studies, critical police studies, comparative politics, and South Asian studies. The contribution seems timely, as political science starts acknowledging the relevance of policing and other connected practices.”
—Guillermina Seri, Union College
— Guillermina Seri, Union College
“Truth Machines provides a fascinating–and at times harrowing–account of police interrogations in India today. She disentangles the complex morass of legal and scientific frameworks which are used to justify the exercise of state power upon the bodies of criminal suspects. Lokaneeta offers new frameworks for understanding the relationship of sovereignty and violence which will engage many readers.”
—Keally D. McBride, University of San Francisco
— Keally D. McBride, University of San Francisco
“Whether you are a fan of CSI or true crime shows, a political theorist specializing in rationales of violence or modes of policing, or an anthropologist who studies the everyday disarticulated practices of the State, you should read Truth Machines for the way it makes the world of forensics come alive. This theoretically sharp and ethnographically rich book will convince you that forensic ‘science’ is neither more reliable nor more humane than enhanced interrogation techniques, but is constituted through the imagination of those who tout its power.”
—Srimati Basu, University of Kentucky
— Srimati Basu, University of Kentucky
Co-Winner: American Political Science Association (APSA) 2021 C. Herman Pritchett Book Award
— APSA C. Herman Pritchett Book Award
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Contents
Acknowledgments
Chapter 1. Introduction
Chapter 2. Police as a Site of State Power: Custody Practices and Policing Logics
Chapter 3. Transnational Borrowings, Scientific Contestations, and Cultural Productions
Chapter 4. The State Forensic Architecture: Forensic Psychologists and the Art of Scientific Interrogations
Chapter 5. Courts and Legal Discourses: The (Flawed) Art of Government
Chapter 6. Scaffold of the Rule of Law: Terror Suspects and the Experience of Violence
Chapter 7. Conclusion
Notes
Bibliography
Index
REQUEST ACCESSIBLE FILE
If you are a student who cannot use this book in printed form, BiblioVault may be able to supply you
with an electronic file for alternative access.
Please have the accessibility coordinator at your school fill out this form.
The Truth Machines: Policing, Violence, and Scientific Interrogations in India
by Jinee Lokaneeta
University of Michigan Press, 2020 Paper: 978-0-472-05439-8 eISBN: 978-0-472-12647-7 Cloth: 978-0-472-07439-6
Using case studies and the results of extensive fieldwork, this book considers the nature of state power and legal violence in liberal democracies by focusing on the interaction between law, science, and policing in India. The postcolonial Indian police have often been accused of using torture in both routine and exceptional criminal cases, but they, and forensic psychologists, have claimed that lie detectors, brain scans, and narcoanalysis (the use of “truth serum,” Sodium Pentothal) represent a paradigm shift away from physical torture; most state high courts in India have upheld this rationale.
The Truth Machines examines the emergence and use of these three scientific techniques to analyze two primary themes. First, the book questions whether existing theoretical frameworks for understanding state power and legal violence are adequate to explain constant innovations of the state. Second, it explores the workings of law, science, and policing in the everyday context to generate a theory of state power and legal violence, challenging the monolithic frameworks about this relationship, based on a study of both state and non-state actors.
Jinee Lokaneeta argues that the attempt to replace physical torture with truth machines in India fails because it relies on a confessional paradigm that is contiguous with torture. Her work also provides insights into a police institution that is founded and refounded in its everyday interactions between state and non-state actors. Theorizing a concept of Contingent State, this book demonstrates the disaggregated, and decentered nature of state power and legal violence, creating possible sites of critique and intervention.
AUTHOR BIOGRAPHY
Jinee Lokaneeta is a professor in political science and international relations at Drew University in Madison, New Jersey.
REVIEWS
Co-Winner of the 2021 APSA C. Herman Pritchett Book Award
— American Political Science Association (APSA) C. Herman Pritchett Book Award
"Lokaneeta skillfully combines interviews with police, lawyers, forensic psychologists and human rights activists with analysis of a range of textual and visual materials, to situated case histories in their wider context... This book will inspire much debate and inquiry and must be read widely."
—Contributions to Indian Sociology
— Sahana Ghosh, Contributions to Indian Sociology
Winner: Drew University 2022 Bela Kornitzer Award for Nonfiction
— Drew University Bela Kornitzer Award for Nonfiction
"Overall, this is an essential work on the history of coercion and efforts to regulate it in India." —Indian Journal of Medical Ethics
— Steven H Miles, Indian Journal of Medical Ethics
"As Lokaneeta’s insightful work shows us, violence and contingency remain at the heart of the state, even as science and the law constantly work together to maintain the facade of coherence and rationality. The book charts a way to understand the modes through which state violence operates, and the ways in which it can be revealed."
—Law, Culture and the Humanities
— Mayur Suresh, Law, Culture and the Humanities
"...Lokaneeta’s tremendously clever, prize-winning new study The Truth Machines [is] an inquiry into how law, science, and violence enfold in India today in ways that are at once novel and familiar. ...Lokaneeta’s book neatly reveals the symmetry between the late modern epistemology of painlessness on which the truth machines are premised and the early modern epistemology of pain that they promise to transcend."
—Law Social Inquiry
— Law & Social Inquiry
"The Truth Machines is a valuable addition to the discourse on police reform in India precisely because it complicates the questions in the hope of avoiding the pitfalls of easy answers."
—Social Change
— Alok Prassana, Social Change
“With depth and theoretical sophistication, [The Truth Machines] will attract attention and make significant contributions to various fields, including contemporary political theory, legal studies, critical police studies, comparative politics, and South Asian studies. The contribution seems timely, as political science starts acknowledging the relevance of policing and other connected practices.”
—Guillermina Seri, Union College
— Guillermina Seri, Union College
“Truth Machines provides a fascinating–and at times harrowing–account of police interrogations in India today. She disentangles the complex morass of legal and scientific frameworks which are used to justify the exercise of state power upon the bodies of criminal suspects. Lokaneeta offers new frameworks for understanding the relationship of sovereignty and violence which will engage many readers.”
—Keally D. McBride, University of San Francisco
— Keally D. McBride, University of San Francisco
“Whether you are a fan of CSI or true crime shows, a political theorist specializing in rationales of violence or modes of policing, or an anthropologist who studies the everyday disarticulated practices of the State, you should read Truth Machines for the way it makes the world of forensics come alive. This theoretically sharp and ethnographically rich book will convince you that forensic ‘science’ is neither more reliable nor more humane than enhanced interrogation techniques, but is constituted through the imagination of those who tout its power.”
—Srimati Basu, University of Kentucky
— Srimati Basu, University of Kentucky
Co-Winner: American Political Science Association (APSA) 2021 C. Herman Pritchett Book Award
— APSA C. Herman Pritchett Book Award
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Contents
Acknowledgments
Chapter 1. Introduction
Chapter 2. Police as a Site of State Power: Custody Practices and Policing Logics
Chapter 3. Transnational Borrowings, Scientific Contestations, and Cultural Productions
Chapter 4. The State Forensic Architecture: Forensic Psychologists and the Art of Scientific Interrogations
Chapter 5. Courts and Legal Discourses: The (Flawed) Art of Government
Chapter 6. Scaffold of the Rule of Law: Terror Suspects and the Experience of Violence
Chapter 7. Conclusion
Notes
Bibliography
Index
REQUEST ACCESSIBLE FILE
If you are a student who cannot use this book in printed form, BiblioVault may be able to supply you
with an electronic file for alternative access.
Please have the accessibility coordinator at your school fill out this form.
It can take 2-3 weeks for requests to be filled.
ABOUT THIS BOOK | AUTHOR BIOGRAPHY | REVIEWS | TOC | REQUEST ACCESSIBLE FILE