When States Kill: Latin America, the U.S., and Technologies of Terror
edited by Cecilia Menjívar and Néstor Rodríguez
University of Texas Press, 2005 eISBN: 978-0-292-79670-6 | Paper: 978-0-292-70679-8 | Cloth: 978-0-292-70647-7 Library of Congress Classification HV6433.L3W46 2005 Dewey Decimal Classification 303.625098
ABOUT THIS BOOK | AUTHOR BIOGRAPHY | REVIEWS | TOC
ABOUT THIS BOOK
Since the early twentieth century, technological transfers from the United States to Latin American countries have involved technologies of violence for social control. As the chapters in this book illustrate, these technological transfers have taken various forms, including the training of Latin American military personnel in surveillance and torture and the provision of political and logistic support for campaigns of state terror. The human cost for Latin America has been enormous—thousands of Latin Americans have been murdered, disappeared, or tortured, and whole communities have been terrorized into silence.
Organized by region, the essays in this book address the topic of state-sponsored terrorism in a variety of ways. Most take the perspective that state-directed political violence is a modern development of a regional political structure in which U.S. political interests weigh heavily. Others acknowledge that Latin American states enthusiastically received U.S. support for their campaigns of terror. A few see local culture and history as key factors in the implementation of state campaigns of political violence. Together, all the essays exemplify how technologies of terror have been transferred among various Latin American countries, with particular attention to the role that the United States, as a "strong" state, has played in such transfers.
AUTHOR BIOGRAPHY
Cecilia Menjívar is associate professor in the Department of Sociology and the School of Justice and Social Inquiry at Arizona State University.
Néstor Rodríguez is Professor and Chair of the Department of Sociology at the University of Houston, where he is also Codirector of the Center for Immigration Research.
REVIEWS
I have given chapters of this book to our clients—survivors of state-supported terror in Latin America—and watched as they nodded their heads in agreement and then asked variations of the question: 'how can academics understand so well what was going on in our countries?' This book uses the lens of rigorous scholarship to bring out of the shadows the particularities and common patterns that enabled state repression to operate so effectively in the United States' sphere of influence for more than two decades.
— Sandra Coliver
There are currently no volumes that do what When States Kill accomplishes. This extraordinarily important volume, edited by two superb scholars, will make an outstanding contribution to many fields.
— Martha K. Huggins
This extraordinary collection of essays locates Latin American state terror within the context of the distinct and influential role of U.S. foreign and military policy in the region. This is a rare work, a 'must read' for academics from a range of disciplines as well as human rights and refugee advocates and lawyers.
— Carolyn Patty Blum
The combination of a regional framework and original case studies makes this volume an important addition to research on the nature of U.S. involvement in state violence and human rights violations in Latin America.
— American Journal of Sociology
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Acknowledgments
Part I. Introduction
Chapter 1. State Terror in the U.S.-Latin American Interstate Regime by Cecilia Menjívar and Néstor Rodríguez
Chapter 2. Operation Condor as a Hemispheric "Counterterror" Organization by J. Patrice McSherry
Part II. Central America and Mexico
Chapter 3. "The Blood of the People": The Guardia Nacional's Fifty-year War against the People of Nicaragua, 1927-1979 by Richard Grossman
Chapter 4. The Culture and Politics of State Terror and Repression in El Salvador by Aldo A. Lauria-Santiago
Chapter 5. Caught in the Crossfire: Militarization, Paramilitarization, and State Violence in Oaxaca, Mexico by Kristin Norget
Chapter 6. Bloody Deeds/Hechos Sangrientos: Reading Guatemala's Record of Political Violence in Cadaver Reports by M. Gabriela Torres
Chapter 7. U.S. Militarization of Honduras in the 1980s and the Creation of CIA-backed Death Squads by Joan Kruckewitt
Chapter 8. "No Hay Rosas Sin Espinas": Statecraft in Costa Rica by Annamarie Oliverio and Pat Lauderdale
Part III. South America
Chapter 9. The Colombian Nightmare: Human Rights Abuses and the Contradictory Effects of U.S. Foreign Policy by John C. Dugas
Chapter 10. The Path of State Terror in Peru by Abderrahman Beggar
Chapter 11. Turning on Their Masters: State Terrorism and Unlearning Democracy in Uruguay by Jeffrey J. Ryan
Chapter 12. Producing and Exporting State Terror: The Case of Argentina by Ariel C. Armony
Part IV. Conclusion
Chapter 13. New Responses to State Terror by Cecilia Menjívar and Néstor Rodríguez
When States Kill: Latin America, the U.S., and Technologies of Terror
edited by Cecilia Menjívar and Néstor Rodríguez
University of Texas Press, 2005 eISBN: 978-0-292-79670-6 Paper: 978-0-292-70679-8 Cloth: 978-0-292-70647-7
Since the early twentieth century, technological transfers from the United States to Latin American countries have involved technologies of violence for social control. As the chapters in this book illustrate, these technological transfers have taken various forms, including the training of Latin American military personnel in surveillance and torture and the provision of political and logistic support for campaigns of state terror. The human cost for Latin America has been enormous—thousands of Latin Americans have been murdered, disappeared, or tortured, and whole communities have been terrorized into silence.
Organized by region, the essays in this book address the topic of state-sponsored terrorism in a variety of ways. Most take the perspective that state-directed political violence is a modern development of a regional political structure in which U.S. political interests weigh heavily. Others acknowledge that Latin American states enthusiastically received U.S. support for their campaigns of terror. A few see local culture and history as key factors in the implementation of state campaigns of political violence. Together, all the essays exemplify how technologies of terror have been transferred among various Latin American countries, with particular attention to the role that the United States, as a "strong" state, has played in such transfers.
AUTHOR BIOGRAPHY
Cecilia Menjívar is associate professor in the Department of Sociology and the School of Justice and Social Inquiry at Arizona State University.
Néstor Rodríguez is Professor and Chair of the Department of Sociology at the University of Houston, where he is also Codirector of the Center for Immigration Research.
REVIEWS
I have given chapters of this book to our clients—survivors of state-supported terror in Latin America—and watched as they nodded their heads in agreement and then asked variations of the question: 'how can academics understand so well what was going on in our countries?' This book uses the lens of rigorous scholarship to bring out of the shadows the particularities and common patterns that enabled state repression to operate so effectively in the United States' sphere of influence for more than two decades.
— Sandra Coliver
There are currently no volumes that do what When States Kill accomplishes. This extraordinarily important volume, edited by two superb scholars, will make an outstanding contribution to many fields.
— Martha K. Huggins
This extraordinary collection of essays locates Latin American state terror within the context of the distinct and influential role of U.S. foreign and military policy in the region. This is a rare work, a 'must read' for academics from a range of disciplines as well as human rights and refugee advocates and lawyers.
— Carolyn Patty Blum
The combination of a regional framework and original case studies makes this volume an important addition to research on the nature of U.S. involvement in state violence and human rights violations in Latin America.
— American Journal of Sociology
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Acknowledgments
Part I. Introduction
Chapter 1. State Terror in the U.S.-Latin American Interstate Regime by Cecilia Menjívar and Néstor Rodríguez
Chapter 2. Operation Condor as a Hemispheric "Counterterror" Organization by J. Patrice McSherry
Part II. Central America and Mexico
Chapter 3. "The Blood of the People": The Guardia Nacional's Fifty-year War against the People of Nicaragua, 1927-1979 by Richard Grossman
Chapter 4. The Culture and Politics of State Terror and Repression in El Salvador by Aldo A. Lauria-Santiago
Chapter 5. Caught in the Crossfire: Militarization, Paramilitarization, and State Violence in Oaxaca, Mexico by Kristin Norget
Chapter 6. Bloody Deeds/Hechos Sangrientos: Reading Guatemala's Record of Political Violence in Cadaver Reports by M. Gabriela Torres
Chapter 7. U.S. Militarization of Honduras in the 1980s and the Creation of CIA-backed Death Squads by Joan Kruckewitt
Chapter 8. "No Hay Rosas Sin Espinas": Statecraft in Costa Rica by Annamarie Oliverio and Pat Lauderdale
Part III. South America
Chapter 9. The Colombian Nightmare: Human Rights Abuses and the Contradictory Effects of U.S. Foreign Policy by John C. Dugas
Chapter 10. The Path of State Terror in Peru by Abderrahman Beggar
Chapter 11. Turning on Their Masters: State Terrorism and Unlearning Democracy in Uruguay by Jeffrey J. Ryan
Chapter 12. Producing and Exporting State Terror: The Case of Argentina by Ariel C. Armony
Part IV. Conclusion
Chapter 13. New Responses to State Terror by Cecilia Menjívar and Néstor Rodríguez
About the Contributors
Index
ABOUT THIS BOOK | AUTHOR BIOGRAPHY | REVIEWS | TOC